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Synopsis

Our Universe has a wide variety of visible matter that embody the beauty of nature’s strong force combining protons and neutrons into complex systems. While much has been understood about the stable nuclei, the short-lived nuclei approaching the limits of neutron and proton binding, called the rare isotopes, bring a wealth of new information. The reactions and decays of these isotopes drive the creation of majority of the heavy elements in our Universe and are the powerhouse of exotic cosmic phenomena. The monumental world-wide efforts for the production of the rare isotopes have led to cutting-edge advancement in accelerator facilities enabling the access to investigate these short-lived nuclei.

The presentation will outline how reactions with the rare isotope beams are allowing us to uncover the unknown properties of rare isotopes. This is leading to revelation of unconventional forms of nuclei such as, nuclear halo and skin, their exotic excitation phenomena, and fundamental changes of nuclear shells that break the bounds of our traditional knowledge. The new features in the rare isotopes challenge our understanding of the nuclear force bringing new insight. The discovery of unconventional features of the rare isotopes paves the path for building the universal understanding of the behavior of matter under extreme neutron-rich conditions in our Universe. An outlook will be presented on some future prospects at new generation rare isotope beam facilities that will extend our reach further for accessing isotopes in colliding and exploding stars.